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South Africa
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South Africa
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South Africa
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Some of the earliest human remains in the fossil record are found in South Africa. By about A.D. 500, Bantu speaking groups began settling into what is now northeastern South Africa displacing Khoisan speaking groups to the southwest. Dutch traders landed at the southern tip of present-day South Africa in 1652 and established a stopover point on the spice route between the Netherlands and the Far East, founding the city of Cape Town. After the British seized the Cape of Good Hope area in 1806, many of the settlers of Dutch descent (Afrikaners, also called Boers (farmers) at the time) trekked north to found their own republics, Transvaal and Orange Free State. In the 1820s, several decades of wars began as the Zulus expanded their territory, moving out of what is today southeastern South Africa and clashing with other indigenous peoples and with expanding European settlements. The discovery of diamonds (1867) and gold (1886) spurred wealth and immigration from Europe. The Anglo-Zulu War (1879) resulted in the incorporation of the Zulu kingdom’s territory into the British Empire. Subsequently, the Afrikaner republics were incorporated into the British Empire after their defeat in the Second South African War (1899-1902). However, the British and the Afrikaners ruled together beginning in 1910 under the Union of South Africa, which became a republic in 1961 after a whites-only referendum. In 1948, the National Party was voted into power and instituted a policy of apartheid — billed as separate development of the races - which favored the white minority at the expense of the black majority and other non-white groups. The African National Congress (ANC) led the opposition to apartheid and many top ANC leaders, such as Nelson MANDELA, spent decades in South Africa’s prisons. Internal protests and insurgency, as well as boycotts by some Western nations and institutions, led to the regime’s eventual willingness to negotiate a peaceful transition to majority rule. The first multi-racial elections in 1994 following the end of apartheid ushered in majority rule under an ANC-led government. South Africa has since struggled to address apartheid-era imbalances in wealth, housing, education, and health care. Jacob ZUMA became president in 2009 and was reelected in 2014, but resigned in February 2018 after numerous corruption scandals and gains by opposition parties in municipal elections in 2016. His successor, Cyril RAMAPHOSA, has made some progress in reigning in corruption, though many challenges persist. In May 2019 national elections, the country’s sixth since the end of apartheid, the ANC won a majority of parliamentary seats, delivering RAMAPHOSA a five-year term.
Source:
World Factbook
2020
Image:
Maps
Joshua Project
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South Africa map (World Factbook)
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South Africa
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South Africa map (World Factbook, modified)
People Groups
Afrikaner
Americans, U.S.
Anglo-South African
Arab, Egyptian
Arab, Lebanese
Bhojpuri Bihari
Birwa
British
Chinese, general
Coloured Creole
Coloured
Deaf
Dutch
French
German
Greek
Griqua
Gujarati
Hindi
Indian, English-speaking
Italian
Jew, English-speaking
Korana
Korean
Kung-Ekoka
Kxoe, Xun
Lembaa
Makhuwa
Malay, Cape
Mauritian
Nama, Khoekhoe
Ndebele, Southern
Nghuki
Nusan Nung, Ngamani
Nyanja, Chewa
Pedi, North Sotho
Portuguese
Romani, Romanichal
Ronga
Setswana
Shona
Somali
Sotho, Khutswe
Sotho, Southern
South Asian, Telugu-speaking
Swahili
Swazi
Tamil (Hindu traditions)
Tsonga, Shangaan
Tswa
Tswana, Detribalized
Tswana-Hurutshe
Tswana-Kwena
Tswana-Malete
Tswana-Ngwaketse
Tswana-Ngwato
Tswana-Rolong
Tswana-Tlhaping
Tswana-Tlharu
Tswana-Tlokwa
Urdu
Vasekela Bushman, Maligo
Xhosa
Xhosa-Tembu
Zulu
Videos
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South Africa (Prayercast)
Other
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South Africa (Operation World)
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South Africa (World Factbook website)
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South Africa (WorldBank)
This product was added to our catalog on Monday 02 November, 2020.
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